Lead resources: Reports and articles
EDF works to drive down children’s exposure to lead from all sources. We focus on accelerating replacement of lead pipes across the country and reducing levels of lead and other heavy metals in food.
Resources below include EDF reports, peer-reviewed journal articles, key webpages, and blogs.
Reports
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Lead Pipes and Environmental Justice
American University and Environmental Defense Fund, 2020
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Rates could fund lead pipe replacement in critical states: Laws in states with the most lead service lines support the practice
Harvard Law Clinic and Environmental Defense Fund, 2019
Related blog post: Laws in states with the most lead service lines support using rates to fund replacement on private property: New analysis
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Putting children first: Tackling lead in water at child care facilities
Environmental Defense Fund, 2018
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Lead in food: A hidden health threat
Environmental Defense Fund, 2017
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Grading the nation: Lead pipe disclosure policies
Environmental Defense Fund, 2017
Peer-reviewed journal articles
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Using online tools to publicize lead service line locations and promote replacement
AWWA Water Science, 2019
Related blog post: New study: Using interactive online tools to publicize lead service line locations and promote replacement
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Research to Move Toward Evidence-Based Recommendations for Lead Service Line Disclosure Policies in Home Buying and Home Renting Scenarios
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019
Related blog post: New study: Homebuyers and renters take action when told they may have a lead service line
Trackers on progress
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State and community lead service line replacement programs
Environmental Defense Fund
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Child care lead in water requirements
Environmental Defense Fund